Echigo (越後国; -no kuni) was an old province in north-central Japan, on the Sea of Japan side. It bordered on Uzen, Iwashiro, Kozuke, Shinano, and Etchu provinces. Today the area is known as Niigata prefecture, although the modern prefecture also includes the old Sado province.

Echigo was ruled by Uesugi Kenshin and his heirs during the Sengoku period; later it became a fief of Ieyasu's Matsudaira relatives.