Enos Thompson Throop (August 21, 1784–November 1, 1874) was an early settler in Auburn, New York. He served in Cayuga County as a postmaster and county clerk. He was governor of New York from 1829 to 1832. Throop also was lieutenant governor, a congressman, and a diplomat to the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.

Throop was born in Johnstown, New York and was educated as a lawyer.

The Town of Throop, New York in Cayuga County is named after him.