Giovanni Arduino (Caprino Veronese , October 16, 1714 - Venice, March 21, 1795) was an Italian geologist who is known as the "Father of Italian Geology."

Arduino was a mining specialist who developed possibly the first classification of geological time, based on study of the geology of northern Italy. The first record of the classification may be a letter dated from 1759 — dates on the web vary. His classification used only a few periods: primitive (or primary), secondary and tertiary — some pages on the web add a fourth type, variously quaternary, volcanic or alluvial.

Giovanni Arduino appears to be also a present-day fiction writer from Turin, Italy.