James Brownlow William Gascoyne-Cecil, 2nd Marquess of Salisbury (17 April 1791 - 12 April 1868) was an English statesman.

He served in two of Lord Derby's governments, first as Lord Privy Seal (1852) and later as Lord President of the Council (1858 - 1859). He was made a Knight of the Garter in 1842.

He was married twice, first to Francis Mary Gascoyne on 2 February 1821 and later to Mary Catherine Sackville-West, daughter of the 5th Earl de la Warr and Lady Elizabeth Sackville, Baroness Buckhurst, on 29 April 1847. He had six children with his first wife and five with his second. His third son, Robert, who succeeded him as third marquess, was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom three times between 1885 and 1902.

|- style="text-align: center;" | width="30%" |Preceded by:
The Earl Granville | width="40%" style="text-align: center;" |Lord President of the Council
1858–1859 | width="30%" |Succeeded by:
The Earl Granville