Monique Bégin, P.C., O.C., F.R.S.C., B.A., M.A., (born March 1 1936) is an academic and former Canadian politician.

Bégin was born in Rome and raised in France and Portugal before immigrating to Canada at the end of World War II. She received a Master of Arts in sociology from the Université de Montréal and her Ph.D. from the Sorbonne.

In 1967 she became executive secretary of the Royal Commission on the Status of Women publishing its report in 1970. She ran as a Liberal in the 1972 Canadian election becoming the first woman ever elected to the Canadian House of Commons from Quebec. She joined the Canadian Cabinet of Pierre Trudeau as Minister of National Revenue in 1976 and served as Minister of Health and Welfare from 1977 to 1979 and 1980 to 1984 during which the Canada Health Act was enacted.

In 1986 she joined the University of Ottawa and Carleton University as the first joint Ottawa-Carleton Chair of Women's Studies in 1986. From 1990 to 1997 she was the University of Ottawa's dean of the Faculty of Health Sciences and continues teaching to this day as a professor emeritus.

In 1997 she was made an Officer of the Order of Canada.

|- style="text-align: center;" | width="30%" |Preceded by:
The electoral distict was created in 1977. | width="40%" style="text-align: center;" |Member of Parliament for Saint-Léonard--Anjou
1979-1984 | width="30%" |Succeeded by:
Alfonso Gagliano