Padishah, Badishah, or Badshah is a title sometimes applied to to a several historic monarchs, notably the rulers of Iran, the Ottoman Empire, and the Moghul Empire. It is derived from the Persian word Padshah, which is based on the better-known title "Shah".

Fictional usage

In Frank Herbert's Dune series, the Padishah Emperor is the supreme ruler of humanity, although his power is somewhat undercut by the Spacing Guild, the Bene Gesserit, and the Landsraad.