Svyatoslav Nikolayevich Fyodorov (Святослав Николаевич Фёдоров), (August 8, 1927-June 2, 2000) Russian ophthalmologist, eye microsurgeon, creator of Radial keratotomy technique, professor, full member of the Russian Academy of Sciences and Russian Academy of Medical Sciences , politician.

Fyodorov was born in Proskurov (now Khmelnytskyy, Ukraine), graduated from Rostov Medical Institute, then worked as a practicing ophthalmologist in a small town in Rostov Oblast. In 1960 he performed the first in the Soviet Union intraocular lens replacement operation. In 1980 he became a head of Moscow Research Institute of Eye Microsurgery.

Fyodorov was a member of Congress of People's Deputies in 1989-1991. He was elected to the lower house of the Russian parlament Duma in 1993. He ran for president in 1996.

He died in a helicopter crash.