A Tsaritsa (Цари́ца), also called tsarina, czarina, or czaritsa, was the title of Tsar's wife or a female autocratic ruler (monarch) of Russia or Bulgaria.

Several Tsaritsas were the rulers of Russia including Yekaterina I, Yekaterina the Great and Yelizaveta I .

Others who gained the title by marrying a Tsar were Yelizaveta Alexeevna, Alexandra Fyodorovna (Charlotte of Prussia ), Maria Alexandrovna (Marie of Hesse-Rhein), Marie Romanova and Eleonore, Princess Reuss-Köstritz, who became Tsaritsa of Bulgaria following her marriage to Tsar Ferdinand.

The last Russian Tsaritsa was Princess Alix of Hesse who was married to Nicholas II of Russia. The final Bulgarian Tsaritsa was Giovanna of Bulgaria, the wife of Tsar Boris III of Bulgaria.